The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.